- LANGUAGE IS the method of human communication either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and convensional way.
- Language varieties refers to the various forms of language triggered by social factors. Language may changes from region to region, from one social class to another, from individual to individual and from situation to situation. This actual change result in the varieties of language.
- Dialect is a language variety, spoken by a speech community, that is characterized by systematic features. Such as phonological, lexical, grammatical. That distinguish it from other varieties of that same language
- Varieties is a set of linguistic items with similar distribution. Anybody of human speech pattern wich sufficiently homogeneous to be analyzed by availabel techniques.
And now What are the essential differences between a language and a dialect? Haugen (1966a) has pointed out that language and dialect are ambiguous terms. Ordinary people use these terms quite freely in speech; for them a dialect is almost certainly no more than a local non-prestigious (therefore powerless) variety of a real language. In contrast, scholars often experience considerable difficulty in deciding whether one term should be used rather than the other in certain situations. As Haugen says, the terms ‘represent a simple dichotomy in a situation that is almost infinitely complex.’
He points out that the confusion goes back to the Ancient Greeks. The Greek language that we associate with Ancient Greece was actually a group of distinct local varieties (Ionic, Doric, and Attic) descended by divergence from a common spoken source with each variety having its own literary traditions and uses, e.g., Ionic for history, Doric for choral and lyric works, and Attic for tragedy. Later, Athenian Greek, the koiné or common language became the norm for the spoken language as the various spoken varieties converged on the dialect of the major cultural and administrative center. Haugen points out (p. 923) that the Greek situation has provided the model for all later usages of the two terms with the resulting ambiguity. Language can be used to refer either to a single linguistic norm or to a group of related norms, and dialect to refer to one of the norms.
QUESTION FOR GROUP 2
- What is differences of accents and dialect?
- How do we know the origin regional of people based on their dialect by using the same language?
- How to distinguish between slank and idiom?
- Do our dialect changes if we go abroad for 3 months ?
Answer
- Accents based on pronounciation the speakers and dialect based on phonological, grammatical or region the speaker. For example colour (from british) and color (from american)
- The dialect of a region can be known based on the sound, the preasure, the decrease of the tone and the short length of the language sounds referring to a particular area.
- Slank is a type of language that is informal and playful, meanwhile idiom is expression that have meanings different from the dictionary definitions of the individual words in the expression.
- Yes we do. And the factor because of our neighborhood, social status, personality and environment.
